Saturday 24 September 2016

Editing conventions & techniques

Seamless/Continuity

Seamless/continuity is an editing technique that make transition look not noticeable. It allows the content to be fluent as possible without looking jarring.

Where we can see seamless/continuity editing techniques is the Terminator scene of where Him and his Past self have fights, the first element that we see is at 2:01 where the New terminator shoots a shotgun at the old terminated which is cut to the shot where he is hit at 2:03 while he is running, then there is a cut at 2:04 where he continues to run to the new Terminator. Further on into the fight we can see at 2:12 that the old Terminator has grab hold of the old one where he begins to hits his head against the pole but there is a cut to a different angle which shows the connection between the terminators head and the Pole this is seen at 2:13.


Seamless/continuity is is a techniques that make transitions to non noticeable as possible, as what this is that each actions is followed to another angled shot, without any mis-leading timing.We see this in the scence of terminators as the Punch is followed to the next angled shot accurately. as the timing of the hit to one shot to the other is clear and followed seamlessly.What effect this creates is that show the clean and fluent transition of the actions in each shot, as this allows to follow the action of the actors clearly. what this editing techniques does is that is allows the audiences to follow the action professionally without any mis-leading shots.

Where I have used this in my work in in my video about cyber bulling where you see a the first shot of the actor opening the door then you see a cut of the actors from the other side of the door as the cut follows the action of the actors, 


Motivated

The motivated techniques is an element that give a hit to the viewer of what the next shoot would be, as this is a cutaway from the hit to a next scenes.

Where you can see the technique motivated used in Wreck-it-Ralph, is when Fix -it-Felix say to the Sergeant Calhoun that she is a "Dynamite Gal" this is said at 0:24, as this trigger a Motivated scenes to, integrate the relationship of the sergeant with the frame "dynamite gal". What we see in the next shot in the Motivated sense which go to Sergeant previous relation with with a man at 0:27 of the Sergeant particing how to shot with the man siting beside her saying "dynamite gal" but then end in a bad
 memory of the relationship at 0:38 where the two are getting married and get attacked by aliens creatures.


Motivated cut is a sound or phrase that transitions to the hint of the next scene, we see this in Wreck-it-Ralph where the phrase triggers the next motivated cut sense. What effect this techniques creates to the audiences is a change of emotion from the gain of information, as this shows the effect that the motive has on the character, also the audiences see the relationship of the motivated phase because there is a connection.


I have not personally used this in any of my work but this techniques creates a dramatics change in emotion, which can create a greater contrast within the film which can make an impact to a character or a storyline as a whole.


Montage

Montage editing techniques is a collection of different shoots of video that are put together into one, this can be used in music video, highlight package, time passing or a training montage.

Where the montage editing techniques is used in the boxing movie Creed in the training montage, we we see the first cut that starts of the montage is at 0:32 where Rocky is placed in the chairs and Adonis is doing one handing push up, then we see a cut at 0:34 of Adonis running up the stair in the hospital where rocky is at wearing different clothes to show that this is a different day. then we see at 0:41 a cut to Adonis running through the street at dusk, where a hoodie , then we see a cut at 0:41 of Adonis at the gym skipping. we see the real montage at 2:00 where there are rapid cut of Adonis training with his team.


Montage is used to to show a collection of video. this could shows training, time passing,highlights or music video, in creed we see a training montage of Adonis doing several activity to train for the boxing match  What effect this creates on the audience is that the character has trains a long time for this fight as this shows to the audience that time has gone past as montage techniques help to cut down the time of Adonis training. This also keep the audience entertains, and not withdraw them from the interest, this is backed up by the music that is placed in the background with the classics rocky music to emphasise the scenes Adonis training.


Where I have used editing montage is in my horror trailer you see a montage toward the end of the trailer,where you can only see snippet's of the movie with music that is playing in the back ground, This was to give the audiences a highlight of what they would see in the movie if they saw it.



Jump-Cutting

Jump-cutting is a still shoot that is placed in the same set or location, but the scenes is  cut up into small segments to show that time has passed.

Where we can see jump cutting is the the Web scene in Spider man one. where we see the first frame is at 1:45 of Peters hand that is trying to figure out how to shoot out his web, Then a few miller seconds later we see a cut of the next shot of Peter's hand doing a different position with his hand.Then at 1:46 we see the third cut of Peter's hand. There are three shot that presented in different time, of when Peter tried to shot his web.


Jump-cutting is used to show the passing in time, we see this in spider-man were Toby (Petr Parker) figuring out how to web but is fail as the jump cut indicate it took a long time to find out the webbing. What effect this creates on the audience, is that time has past, and Peters has tried to shoot his web for a long time. It has only gave us the good and interesting parts to the audience instead of a long shot of him thinking of how to shot his web. This also helped to cut down the time of the scenes to a much simple and to the point scenes as this is a children rated movie.


Where i have used the jump cutting techniques is in my music video Promise me, where near the beginning of the music video where you see the artist and her girlfriend are walking down he street, and the camera stay in one position and cut three time as a jump cut you can see this in the music video at 0:38 seconds.



180 degree rule

180 degree rule is a rule that is used between a conversation or a fights, it is an invisible line that crosses through two people, which shows the indication of where the camera cannot past unless it is shown in the content.

Where 180 degree rule is used is in the interrogation scenes in Now you see me. You can see at 0:54 there is a over the shoulder shot of the detective, where the magicians is on the right hand of the detective then in the next shot we see see an over the shoulder shot of the magicians looking at the detective where she is placed on the left hand side then there is an explicit showing that the camera is placed on one side we see this at 1:06 where there is a two shot in a high angle.


The 180 degree rue is used to show one side of the set location, and not to confuse the audience on who is sat on which side. this is seen in Now you see me, in the conversation of detective and the Magician. The effect on why the 180 degree rule was used in Now you see me Interrogation was not to confuse the audience of where each of the actors where sitting.It also creates an effect to the audience that the see looks natural to them and not out of placed to abstract the viewing experiences.


Where i have used the 180 degree in my work is in my encounter assignment. where we used this was in the conversation we used a two shot to define to the audience of where each of the character where sitting as Ben was sitting the right hand side and Franki was sitting the left hand side, this also help know what side to place the camera.


Splicing/Transitions

Splicing/transitions is a must techniques that is used in edited all of the time in all production it link together the information on screen. what transition are used is cuts, fades and dissolve.

An example of where transitions are used is in the Mad max:Fury road Scenes of Immortan Joe death. At 2:32 we Can see a cut on Fouriouse that is climbing across the car to Immortan Joe, Then we can see at 2:33 a shot Immortan Joe coming out the car window to shot Fouriouse, The we can see a slip second cut Fouriouse reaction the Immotan Joe, then there is a Cut back to Immotan joe. 

Splicing is basically a transition this could be cut, fade or a dissolve this is used all over Mad Max:fury road, there are used to show clean cut into different angled shots. The effect the transitions creates is that it shows the following of the story, it allows the audiences to follow the action on screen from different angle in a clean and professional way, as it keeps things fluent as possible.This also involves the audiences because it match the way the audience followers a conversation.

I have used this editing techniques in all of my video as this is a must in all video.I have used this in the Live day BTS video that i editing as there are a load of transition such as a fade at 0:01 and there are cuts at 0:45 to show the variety of things that are happens on the Live day.



Cutaways

A cutaway techniques is seen as a filler it is used in interviews, and talent/game shows. it is used to absents the jump cut in a interviews. it is to make the interview look more cleanly structured less jarring to watch.

Where you can see cutaways used is in the Documentary of Ross Kemp to the extreme work of isis, as there is a part of were Ross is talking to a leader at 37:00 then there is a cut away to one of the soldier at 37:02 as this is a filler shows. We see this again at 37:50 where the leader is speaker and then there is a cutaway to bird at 37:53, that is shown to be in a destructed area.


Where i have used this cutaway techniques is in the Live day production when i did the interviewer where Faris, Franki,Ben and Usama were involved, as i used cutaways to cut down the duration of the interview. 

Point of view shot

The point of view shot is a techniques used to show the first person view of the character the audience are watching. it show the clear view of the characters prospective and the self action that they are doing on screen.

Where we can see a clear Point of view techniques used was in the film Cloverfield. were we can see the whole movie is film in a first person view in the example that i have provided is the Trailer of the Movie. We can see at 0:31 a tilt shot from the food to the actors, this was to mimic the the head movement of the character. We can also see at 0:50 that the character is standing be hide a group of people looking at the TV. this is representing the point of view shot of a human standing in an accurate height


Point of view is a shot that shows a frame that references the view of a person, we see this in cloverfiled where we see the view from the victim that is experiencing. What effect this creates on the audience is that in integrates the audiences into the character prospective because it places them into the shoes of the character and the realism


Where i have used bit of point of view is in my video that i created called culture day at the beginning of the travel you see a prospective of me travelling with time passing cut involved, this was to shows what i went through on the day which was to show the character prospective and there self actions.



Shot-reverse-shot

Shot-reverse-shot mimics the human reaction of viewing a conversation , fights or a interview. The minimal shot that it must contains is 3 shots as there is a shot over person A shoulder looking at person B then there is a shot over person B looking towards person A and then finally back to the original shot.

Where we can see shot-reverse-shot in the movie The Danish Girl. when the tow actors are having a conversation at the beginning of the scenes. at 0:11 we see a shot of Eddie Redmaye looking at Alicia Vikander, the shot is placed over Alicia shoulder, then we see further on a cut at 0:13 where we can see Alicia Looking at Eddie, and the shot is placed over in a high angle over Eddie shoulders. Then we see a final shot to complete the rule at 0:21 of a shot of Eddie face as this is where the shot started off from and end on to complete the rule.


Shot reverse shot is used to show a conversation, fight and relationship between people.This is used in The Danish Girl to show the Conversation between the Couple and there relationship between each other. The audience effect this creates is realism, as the rule mimics what the audience would look at in a real conversation and it looks seamless to the audience. Because the shot-reverse-shot rule connection to the audience reaction to the conversation of looking at Eddie when he is speaking then looking at Alicia when she starts to speak.


Where i have personally used this in the video encounter, when was an interrogation of the conversation. as we used seamless cutting to show the shot-reverses-shot this is seem when Ben is speaking to Franki, and then Franki replays, and Ben tell Franki to get out. I had used shot reverse shot to show who was speaking within the conversation.


Providing and With holding Information

Providing and with holding information is an editing techniques that is used to show less or more information to the audience which is watch as providing information is telling the audience something that a character do sent know as we know more then the character. and withholding is keeping information away from the audience and there have not seen it.

Where we can see with holding information is in the arrival of the aliens in the Battleship movie, you can see at 0:03 seconds that the two hikers turn back to look at something that they have seen. then the next cut at 0:05 we see a reveal of what the two hikers where looking at and we see the with held information of the ships heading to the earth surface.

What effect this creates on the viewer is that it see the reaction of the actors on screen of shocked, which make the audience feel and ask what is on the other side of the screen , of what are they looking at. there audience is high st this point as there have a demand  to see what are the audience looking at 

Where we can see providing information is in the short movie Two Wrongs. we can see at 2:34 that the character on the right has bought a gun to kill Conner which killed his brother. as this is providing information to the viewer that he has bought a gun to kill Conner as Conner does not find out until 3:15 where the gun is used on Conner and his gang. 

What effect providing information creates to the audience is that it creates a feeling of what the information could do to the other person they are hiding it from. It creates suspense to the scenes and make the audience become tense about the information on screen.

Where i have personally used this techniques is in my short movie about cyber bulling as i used this when the actors looked at his phone and started to cry but the audience does not know what he saw this was withholding information then in the next shot it showed the message it creates

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Editing rhythm

Editing rhythm is a editing techniques that refers to the tempo of the editing.it refers to the film and the action on the screen as it mimics the information to the tempo of the editing which is the amount of cuts.

Where we see editing rhythm used is in the famous shower scene of psycho were it illustrates the victims death. At the beginning of the scenes at 0:40 we see a normal paces scenes this was to show that mind state of the victim was at that time as she was clam and relaxed and getting ready to have a shower. Then we see father on the antagonist comes in during her shower and started to stab the victim with a knife this is seen at 1:40, were we see a rapid pace of cut in the scenes this was to show how quick death is and also to show the mind set of the victim as she was in a panic. Then we see that the antagonist had left the victim to die at 2:16. as we see here going down slowing, this is to represent the soul fading away from her body and slowing becoming lifeless.

Editing rhythm is the paces of cut in a film, this could represent the action on screen, or the physical state of the actor on screen. We see this in the shower scene in Psycho where the cuts represent the metal state of the victim being killed. The effect that this techniques give to the viewer is that it give them a visual/editing representation of the situation that has happened. as it allows to make the scene come more to into life. and how death is experienced in the real word, as a car cash is fast but your organs die slowly.It show s the effect of the situation and quickness and the slowness of the situation that is being rhythm into the edit.

Where i have used editing rhythm is in a short film that i worked on about suicide cyber bullying, as i had made each cut slow, to visual representation that mind at that time as you would think slowly at that situation, at pain slowly builds up, to you to go kill yourself.


Parallel editing/crosscutting

Parallel editing/ crosscutting is an editing techniques that is used for denoting two or more scenes that are happening at the same time that are cut from one to the other, as there must be linked together.

Where we can see crosscutting is in the fight scenes in The Dark Knight Rises the first cut we see is at 0:34 where Bane and the Batman are fighting in the middle of down town then there is a cut at 0:38 of the raz-al-gul child looking out of a window as this is happening at the same time as Bane and Batman are having the fight, then we see another cross cut of the Detective trying to stop the people that the the bomb at 0:50 but was not found, then we see another cross cut of the actual truck that has the bomb, then we see another cross cut of Morgen freeman at 1:16 in the lab trying to look for the detonator for the bomb, then we see at 1:18 of the NYC cop escorting the orphan children onto a school bus, then we go back to the fight of Bane and Batman in downtown. In this sense we see five cross cut scenes that are happening at the same time, as the Bane and batman fight that are linked together.

Parallel editing is a techniques used to show two or more scenes that are happening at the same times. we seen multiple scenes been use in The Dark knight rises where there are tying to find the detonator of the bomb which Batman and Bane have a fight.What effect this creates is that is externalisations the relationship between what each cuts mean. It also builds up the suspense of the looking of the Bomb that could blow up Gothem.It shows the relationship between each of the scenes towards the build up.It also creates a question to the audience on who's actually has the nuclear bomb.

I have not used this techniques in any of my project, but how ever i wish to do in the future, as this brings more suspense into a sense and creates mistisry to the audiences of what is happens and why is it happens.


Cutting to soundtrack

Cutting to soundtrack is a techniques used to emphasis the soundtrack or music. as this is the cutting of the shoot with in time with the information on screen. As it matches to every beat to every cut.

Where we can see cutting to the soundtrack is in the music video Counting stars, were we see the first cutting to the beat is at 0:22 this is where the song beat drop and so does the cut transitions then four beats later at 0:24 we see a cut, we see this very 4 beats of the song which shows the cutting to the beat of the music video. 

Cutting to the soundtrack is a example of cutting to the beat, it is used to make the content of the screen interesting for the audience to watch. This is used in the music video Counting star where there is a cut at every 4 beast.What effect this creates is that is enhancing the flow of the song, it makes it more exciting to watch to the audiences because.What else the editing techniques does that is make the music video look more clean because of cutting to the beat, why this is also used is because it looks organised to the viewer which means I does not look all over the place.

Where I have used this editing techniques is in the music video Promise-me that I produces, as I used cutting to the beat to show the enhancse of the song through visuals representations, which matched the cuts of the beats of the song.

Sunday 11 September 2016

Year 12 BTEC Reflection: Written Work